Binarization Of Ancient Document Images

Ancient documents accumulate a significant amount of human heritage over time. However, many environmental factors, improper handling, and the poor quality of the materials used in their creation cause them to suffer a high degree of degradation of various types. There are lots of ancient documents which are badly degraded. It is very difficult to segment text from the document, as there is a variation between the document background and foreground. Binarization technique that addresses these issues using adaptive image contrast and its related features is highly concerned for research purpose in image processing. There are mainly three feature on the basis of the phase information of an input document image constitute the core of the binarization model namely preprocessing; main binarization; and post processing. The given paper gives the comprehensive review of binarization and its features in different techniques. Every technique has its own merits and demerits. We study various techniques related to binarization and here presents few basic techniques for review.